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feign 源码解析以及流程分析

技术宅 破玉 1134次浏览 0个评论

feign 服务调用流程

参考链接:
Feign源码解析

  • 首先通过@EnableFeignClients注解开启FeignCleint
  • 根据Feign的规则实现接口,并加@FeignCleint注解
  • 程序启动后,会进行包扫描,扫描所有的@ FeignCleint的注解的类,并将这些信息注入到ioc容器中。
  • 当接口的方法被调用,通过jdk的代理,来生成具体的RequesTemplate
  • RequesTemplate在生成Request
  • Request交给Client去处理,其中Client可以是HttpUrlConnection、HttpClient也可以是Okhttp
  • 最后Client被封装到LoadBalanceClient类,这个类结合类Ribbon做到了负载均衡。

我们用图来标示下流程:

源码解析

首先在启动配置上检查是否有@EnableFeignClients注解,如果有该注解,则开启包扫描,扫描被@FeignClient注解接口。扫描到FeignClient后,将信息取出,以bean的形式注入到ioc容器中,源码如下:

class FeignClientsRegistrar
		implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar, ResourceLoaderAware, EnvironmentAware {
    .....
        @Override
	public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata metadata,
			BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
		registerDefaultConfiguration(metadata, registry);
		registerFeignClients(metadata, registry);
	}
    
  private void registerFeignClient(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry,
			AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata, Map attributes) {
		String className = annotationMetadata.getClassName();
		BeanDefinitionBuilder definition = BeanDefinitionBuilder
				.genericBeanDefinition(FeignClientFactoryBean.class);
		validate(attributes);
		definition.addPropertyValue("url", getUrl(attributes));
		definition.addPropertyValue("path", getPath(attributes));
		String name = getName(attributes);
		definition.addPropertyValue("name", name);
		String contextId = getContextId(attributes);
		definition.addPropertyValue("contextId", contextId);
		definition.addPropertyValue("type", className);
		definition.addPropertyValue("decode404", attributes.get("decode404"));
		definition.addPropertyValue("fallback", attributes.get("fallback"));
		definition.addPropertyValue("fallbackFactory", attributes.get("fallbackFactory"));
		definition.setAutowireMode(AbstractBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE);

		String alias = contextId + "FeignClient";
		AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = definition.getBeanDefinition();

		boolean primary = (Boolean) attributes.get("primary"); // has a default, won't be
																// null

		beanDefinition.setPrimary(primary);

		String qualifier = getQualifier(attributes);
		if (StringUtils.hasText(qualifier)) {
			alias = qualifier;
		}

		BeanDefinitionHolder holder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDefinition, className,
				new String[] { alias });
		BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(holder, registry);
	}

在上面 registerFeignClient 方法中有这样一段代码:

BeanDefinitionBuilder definition = BeanDefinitionBuilder
				.genericBeanDefinition(FeignClientFactoryBean.class);

将FeignClientFactoryBean 定义进来,而FeignClientFactoryBean 实现了FactoryBean接口,这样把bean 注入容器。

@Override
	public Object getObject() throws Exception {
		return getTarget();
	}

	/**
	 * @param  the target type of the Feign client
	 * @return a {@link Feign} client created with the specified data and the context
	 * information
	 */
	 T getTarget() {
		FeignContext context = this.applicationContext.getBean(FeignContext.class);
		Feign.Builder builder = feign(context);

		if (!StringUtils.hasText(this.url)) {
			if (!this.name.startsWith("http")) {
				this.url = "http://" + this.name;
			}
			else {
				this.url = this.name;
			}
			this.url += cleanPath();
			return (T) loadBalance(builder, context,
					new HardCodedTarget(this.type, this.name, this.url));
		}
		if (StringUtils.hasText(this.url) && !this.url.startsWith("http")) {
			this.url = "http://" + this.url;
		}
		String url = this.url + cleanPath();
		Client client = getOptional(context, Client.class);
		if (client != null) {
			if (client instanceof LoadBalancerFeignClient) {
				// not load balancing because we have a url,
				// but ribbon is on the classpath, so unwrap
				client = ((LoadBalancerFeignClient) client).getDelegate();
			}
			builder.client(client);
		}
		Targeter targeter = get(context, Targeter.class);
		return (T) targeter.target(this, builder, context,
				new HardCodedTarget(this.type, this.name, url));
	}

上面生成对象 调用了 targeter.target, 跟踪进去调用了 feign.target

/**
 * @author Spencer Gibb
 */
class DefaultTargeter implements Targeter {

	@Override
	public  T target(FeignClientFactoryBean factory, Feign.Builder feign,
			FeignContext context, Target.HardCodedTarget target) {
		return feign.target(target);
	}

}

继续跟踪

 public  T target(Target target) {
      return build().newInstance(target);
    }

跟踪到 ReflectiveFeign 返回代理对象

/**
   * creates an api binding to the {@code target}. As this invokes reflection, care should be taken
   * to cache the result.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  @Override
  public  T newInstance(Target target) {
    Map nameToHandler = targetToHandlersByName.apply(target);
    Map methodToHandler = new LinkedHashMap();
    List defaultMethodHandlers = new LinkedList();

    for (Method method : target.type().getMethods()) {
      if (method.getDeclaringClass() == Object.class) {
        continue;
      } else if (Util.isDefault(method)) {
        DefaultMethodHandler handler = new DefaultMethodHandler(method);
        defaultMethodHandlers.add(handler);
        methodToHandler.put(method, handler);
      } else {
        methodToHandler.put(method, nameToHandler.get(Feign.configKey(target.type(), method)));
      }
    }
    InvocationHandler handler = factory.create(target, methodToHandler);
    T proxy = (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(target.type().getClassLoader(),
        new Class[] {target.type()}, handler);

    for (DefaultMethodHandler defaultMethodHandler : defaultMethodHandlers) {
      defaultMethodHandler.bindTo(proxy);
    }
    return proxy;
  }

注入bean之后,通过jdk的代理,当请求Feign Client的方法时会被拦截,代码就在ReflectiveFeign类。

真正的动态代理是下面的静态类

static class FeignInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler {

    private final Target target;
    private final Map dispatch;

    FeignInvocationHandler(Target target, Map dispatch) {
      this.target = checkNotNull(target, "target");
      this.dispatch = checkNotNull(dispatch, "dispatch for %s", target);
    }

    @Override
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
      if ("equals".equals(method.getName())) {
        try {
          Object otherHandler =
              args.length > 0 && args[0] != null ? Proxy.getInvocationHandler(args[0]) : null;
          return equals(otherHandler);
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
          return false;
        }
      } else if ("hashCode".equals(method.getName())) {
        return hashCode();
      } else if ("toString".equals(method.getName())) {
        return toString();
      }

      return dispatch.get(method).invoke(args);
    }

最终调用了 SynchronousMethodHandler类进行拦截处理,当被拦截会根据参数生成RequestTemplate对象,该对象就是http请求的模板,代码如下:

@Override
  public Object invoke(Object[] argv) throws Throwable {
    RequestTemplate template = buildTemplateFromArgs.create(argv);
    Retryer retryer = this.retryer.clone();
    while (true) {
      try {
        return executeAndDecode(template);
      } catch (RetryableException e) {
        try {
          retryer.continueOrPropagate(e);
        } catch (RetryableException th) {
          Throwable cause = th.getCause();
          if (propagationPolicy == UNWRAP && cause != null) {
            throw cause;
          } else {
            throw th;
          }
        }
        if (logLevel != Logger.Level.NONE) {
          logger.logRetry(metadata.configKey(), logLevel);
        }
        continue;
      }
    }
  }

其中有个executeAndDecode()方法,该方法是通RequestTemplate生成Request请求对象,然后根据用client获取response。

Object executeAndDecode(RequestTemplate template) throws Throwable {
    Request request = targetRequest(template);

    if (logLevel != Logger.Level.NONE) {
      logger.logRequest(metadata.configKey(), logLevel, request);
    }

    Response response;
......

其中Client组件是一个非常重要的组件,Feign最终发送request请求以及接收response响应,都是由Client组件完成的,其中Client的实现类,只要有Client.Default,该类由HttpURLConnnection实现网络请求,另外还支持HttpClient、Okhttp.

首先来看以下在FeignRibbonClient的自动配置类,FeignRibbonClientAutoConfiguration ,主要在工程启动的时候注入一些bean,其代码如下:

@ConditionalOnClass({ ILoadBalancer.class, Feign.class })
@Configuration
@AutoConfigureBefore(FeignAutoConfiguration.class)
public class FeignRibbonClientAutoConfiguration {

@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean
	public Client feignClient(CachingSpringLoadBalancerFactory cachingFactory,
			SpringClientFactory clientFactory) {
		return new LoadBalancerFeignClient(new Client.Default(null, null),
				cachingFactory, clientFactory);
	}

}

在缺失配置feignClient的情况下,会自动注入new Client.Default(),跟踪Client.Default()源码,它使用的网络请求框架为HttpURLConnection,代码如下:

@Override
    public Response execute(Request request, Options options) throws IOException {
      HttpURLConnection connection = convertAndSend(request, options);
      return convertResponse(connection).toBuilder().request(request).build();
    }

所以说,feign是一个伪客户端,即它不做任何的请求处理。Feign通过处理注解生成request,从而实现简化HTTP API开发的目的,即开发人员可以使用注解的方式定制request api模板,在发送http request请求之前,feign通过处理注解的方式替换掉request模板中的参数,这种实现方式显得更为直接、可理解。


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